How does a Q-switched laser operate?

A Q-switched laser operates by producing short, high-energy pulses of light. This mechanism is essential for applications like tattoo removal and pigmentation treatment, where precision and the ability to deliver energy in short bursts are critical. The Q-switching technique allows the laser to store energy in the gain medium for a brief period before releasing it in a rapid pulse. These short impulses are effective for breaking down ink particles in tattoos and targeting pigmented lesions without significantly affecting surrounding tissue.

While continuous light and long, low-energy pulses can be suitable for other procedures, they do not achieve the same effectiveness for conditions requiring rapid energy delivery, such as with tattoos. The cooling mechanisms are indeed helpful in preventing damage to the surrounding skin, but a Q-switched laser's operation doesn't inherently negate the need for such cooling, making those other choices less appropriate.